The Stars twinkle eternal. Always there, night and day, clear weather or socked in. I guess when something is always there, it gets taken for granted. Part of the joy of being back in Oregon has been the dark starry nights. Out in the woods, on a moonless night, the cosmos seems to go on and on forever in intricate detail. Should you pull out even simple binoculars, to look in an area where you see only one star, you suddenly see ten. Pretty cool stuff.
Simple understanding of the night sky:
- If you are looking up at the sky at a certain time every night (say 12am) the night sky will rotate around you once a year. In other words, the night sky of January 1st basically always looks like the night sky of January 1st.
- The yearly rotation of the night sky revolves (approx) around the north star aka Polaris, which is also the same star the nightly (and daily) rotation of the sky revolves around.
- Planets Move independently of the of stars, but still in a semi-regular pattern.
- All planets (and most objects in the solar system) are traveling in a counterclockwise direction if viewed from above the earth in the direction of the north pole.
- Outer planets Jupiter and Saturn don’t move too much year to year, because they are out quite a bit further from the sun than earth, and take much longer to go around the sun (low radial speed, not necessarily low actual travel speed). So one year you will see Saturn (at midnight) in early January, next year it will be mid January (approx 2 weeks later) until you see Saturn in the same place (at midnight). Which means it will also have moved against the background of the stars, but not much. One should be able to observe these two planets on basically a yearly basis.
- Mars takes approximately (pretty big approximation, its actually 690 days) 2 years to go around the sun. Because we are chasing it, and basically do 2 revolutions (approx) for every 1 revolution mars does, Mars is basically visible at the same area in the sky every two years (approx approx approx). Draw it out for yourself, or just trust me.
- Venus and Mercury can be visible, but only during the evening or morning near the horizon in the direction of where the sun is setting or rising. This is because they are closer to the sun than us. They are never going to be visible in the middle of the night in the middle of the sky. The timing of their visibility seems a bit more complicated to me (probably not too complicated math, but not worth trying to figure). Recommendation: Stellarium! Or pay attention to some kind of astronomy newsletter (or blog!)
- This information is based on the idea of observing a planet at the same time of night at certain times of year. Basically just because Saturn is going to visible at midnight in January, doesn’t mean it isn’t visible right now. Currently one would just have to wait until early morning to see it. Point being, very large portions of the night sky will be visible on any given night, I figure something like ¾ or more of it (not factoring how north or south you are), but some of it might require being awake at 4 in the morning to see.
- Probably should be mentioned that latitude will make a pretty big difference with what can be observed. Most people who might read this blog are likely to live in the northern hemisphere, and will have never seen parts of the southern sky (myself included). The portion is a relatively small percentage area of the night sky depending how far north (or south) you are, but nonetheless, there are stars that you and I have never ever seen. Guess I am gonna have to make it below the equator some day. (Actually, when I lived in Caribbean, in a tropical latitude, during the winter, technically the full southern sky should have been visible to me. Too bad I did not know jack about the night sky then, or I could have made more of it.)
- Finally, any person on the face of the earth (again, not counting for latitude), will have a similar experience of the night sky on a given day. So although Iraq maybe in the middle of the day right now, when it is night for me, in 12 hours they will experience an extremely similar night to what I just experienced. Even time of events, such as moon rise, position of stars at midnight etc, should be fairly similar. (figure no more than an hour or so off due to position of time zone). I personally feel quite connected to everyone else on the earth by this similar experience, we all see the same thing in the sky. Pretty cool if you ask me.
So the starry sky has been there my entire life, and although I have enjoyed the occasional star gazing experience, I have not enjoyed much past that. Time to change that. First off, I totally have to recommend Stellarium. Its free at this point, but also just in beta stage, so may not be free forever (like i would recommend something that isn’t free). Get it while you can! Only problem I have had is trying to run other programs simultaneously, and that’s no surprise considering how far my computer is from state of the art. Its like having the planetarium in your computer. With a few clicks you can enter your location on the earth, and the program presents a view of the night sky in real time. This picture includes not only the stars, but also the moon, planets, other planet’s moons, dwarf planets, asteroids, nebulae, the milky way, and even other galaxies. Plus all the constellations are presented in a simple and easy to digest format, including visual art to help figure out what the hell the ancients thought they saw up there.

An image of Orion’s belt taken from Stellarium. Copyright ©Stellarium
I never thought it could be so easy. I’m pretty sure I have half of the northern hemisphere night sky constellations remembered already, including a few interesting stars, as well as the Andromeda galaxy, which is one of the few galaxies visible (not very f-ing visible if you ask me) with the naked eye. Seriously, only took an hour with the computer. Now I just have to wait until summer (or stay up all night) to learn the other half…
However, I also have had access to a telescope, which helps keep it interesting as you go the through the night sky. The telescope is a reflector, Telestar 114AZ by Meade. The initial mirror has a diameter of 114mm, almost 5 inches. With the highest power lens, the image diameter is like half the diameter of the moon. Point being, fairly powerful scope. At full power, objects move out of the image in less than a minute, and it really takes effort to track. And honestly… you don’t see much more at the higher powers, the atmosphere just messes the image up too much. The craters on the moon are a little more clear… but I feel I get just as much effect for most objects at a low power setting, or simply looking through binoculars. In fact, the binoculars are probably the best tool for simple observation. Way less effort, and still quite an impressive effect. The moon just looks like a white disk until you take a look through these simple optic tools. Absolutely recommend binoculars, even a shitty pair.
The big thing I am looking forward to now though will be a sighting of Saturn. It is visible currently, but one has to stay up till 2 or 3am to view. I have not made the effort yet, but every day that time is a little earlier in the night; and, in January, Saturn will actually be visible near the horizon at Midnight. I have had a chance to look at Saturn through the previously mentioned telescope a long time ago, and can say that this is probably one of viewings a high power telescope really comes in handy for. Actually seeing the rings in real time is pretty mind blowing. So I will look forward to reliving this experience in the near future.
Well, thats my take on astronomy at this point. I can name a few of the brightest stars now, mainly Vega, Capella, Alderban, and Sirius. I will continue to keep it up, focus on learning new constellations as the year progresses. Kind of fun hobby so far. Not too much effort to keep up with either, and pretty much free, excluding telescope. Like I say earlier, not really necessary, but I do completely recommend some sort of simple optics, like binoculars. Of course, if I was loaded… it would be pretty sweet to have one of those computer controlled tracking telescopes, where you just dial in the object or whatever. Eh, too easy :p
Also… long entry. I will try to avoid doing that in future. Maybe… Maybe I will just make long entries my thing. Eh, whatever, figure it out as you go. Still pretty cool to have skylarmarvin.com. It’s like a pride thing. Motivates me to put stuff up. Awesome.